211.

663

Pye, Guerrilla Communism, pp. 228, 229.

664

Там же, сс. 248, 296.

665

Там же, сс. 297» 301.

666

Westad, Decisive Encounters, ch.4. О коррупции и законности действий чиновников Гоминьдана см. S. Pepper, Civil War in China. The Political Struggle, 1944—1949 (Lanham, 1999), pp. 155—60.

667

Об этом см. Westad, Decisive Encounters, p. 10.

668

Там же, с. 259.

669

Chang-lai Hung, “Mao’s Parades. State Spectacles in China in the 1950-5”, China Quarterly 190 (2007), p. 415.

670

Yong-ho Ch’oe, “Christian Background in the Early Life of Kim Il-Song”, Asian Survey 26 (1986), pp. 1082—91.

671

A. Lankov, From Stalin to Kim II Sung: the Formation of North Korea, 1945—1960 (London, 2002), pp. 17—19.

672

0 Yong-jin, quoted in R. Scalapino and C.-S. Lee, Communism in Korea. Parti: The Movement (Berkeley, 1972), pp. 324—5.

673

С Armstrong, The North Korean Revolution, 1945—195° (Ithaca, 2003), pp. 68—70.

674

Lankov, From Stalin to Kim, ch. 3.

675

Duiker, Communist Road, p. 105.

676

Duiker, Ho, p. 69.

677

D. Marr, Vietnam 1945. The Quest for Power (Berkeley, 1995), P-106.

678

Ho Chi Minh Selected Writings (Hanoi, 1977), pp. 55—6.

679

В. Kerkvliet, The Ник Rebellion. A Study of Peasant Revolt in the Philippines (Berkeley, 1977).

680

Chin Peng, My Side of History (Singapore, 2003), pp. 47—8.

681

Cheah Boon Kheng, The Masked Comrades: a Study of the Communist United Front in Malaya, 1945—48 (Singapore, 1979).

682

R. Stubbs, Hearts and Minds in Guerrilla Warfare: the Malayan Emergency, 1948—1960 (London, 1989).

683

A. Aman, Architecture and Ideology in Eastern Europe during the Stalin Era (New York, 1992), pp. 90—3.

684

W. Brumfield, A History of Russian Architecture (Cambridge, 1993), p. 490.

685

K. Tyszka, Nacjonalizm w Komunizmie. Ideologia Narodowa w Związku Radzieckim i Polsce Ludowej (Warsaw, 2004), PP-115—41; Martin Mevius, Agents of Moscow: the Hungarian Communist Party and the Origins of Socialist Patriotism, 1941—1953 (Oxford, 2004), pp. 249—62.

686

N. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers. The Last Testament, trans, and ed. S. Talbott (London, 1974), p. 98.

687

Aman, Architecture, pp. 88—9.

688

Цит. по К. Boterbloem, Life and Death under Stalin. Kalinin Province, 1945—1953 (Montreal, 1999), p. 188.

689

M. Harrison, Accounting for War. Soviet Production, Employment, and the Defence Burden, 1940—1945 (Cambridge, 1996), pp. 160—2.

690

M. Edele, «”More than just Stalinists». The Political Sentiments of Victors 1945—1953”, in J. Furst (ed.), Late Stalinist Russia. Society between Reconstruction and Reinvention (London, 2006), p. 176.

691

D. Filtzer, Soviet Workers and Late Stalinism: Labour and the Restoration of the Stalinist System after World War II (Cambridge, 2002), pp. 34—9.

692

Там же, сс. 22—5; G. Ivanova, Labor Camp Socialism. The Gulag in the Soviet Totalitarian System, trans. C. Flath (Armonk, NY, 2000), p. 116; A. Applebaum, Gulag. A History (London, 2004), P. 518.

693

E. Ginzburg, Within the Whirlwind (London, 1989), pp. 71—2.

694

О. Pohl, The Stalinist Penal System (Jefferson, NC, 1997), p. 131.

695

D. Filtzer, Soviet Workers, p. 242.

696

C. Hooper, “A Darker «Big Deal»”, in Fiirst, Late Stalinist Russia, p. 147.

697

Цит. по Y. Gorlizki and O. Khlevniuk, Cold Peace: Stalin and the Soviet Ruling Circle, 1945—1953 (New York, 2004), pp. 32—3.

698

Российский государственный архив социально-политической истории [РГАСПИ]. Ф. 558. Оп. и. Д. 732. Л. 19.

699

N. Krementsov, Stalinist Science (Princeton, 1997), p. 181; D. Joravsky, The Lysenko Affair (Cambridge, Mass., 1970).

700

Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, p. 263.

701

И. Сталин. Сочинения, т. XIII, с. 28.

702

A. Weiner, Making Sense of War (Princeton, 2001), ch. 4.

703

Цит. по Gorlizki and Khlevniuk, Cold Peace, p. 156.

704

V. Dunham, In Stalin’s Time: Middleclass Values in Soviet Fiction (Cambridge, 1976), p. 92.

705

M. Kundera, The Joke (London, 1992), p. 71.

706

Там же, с. 32.

707

M. Pittaway, Eastern Europe 1939—2000 (London, 2004), P. 57.

708

J. Mark, “Discrimination, Opportunity, and Middle-Class Success in Early Communist Hungary”, Historical Journal 48, 2 (2005), pp. 502—7.

709

C. Milosz, The Captive Mind, trans. J. Zielomko (New York, 1990), pp. 98—9. Русск. текст цит. по Ч. Милош. Порабощенный разум. СПб.: Алетейя, 2003.

710

D. Crowley, “Warsaw’s Shops, Stalinism and the Thaw”, in S. Reid and D. Crowley (eds.), Style and Socialism (Oxford, 2000), p. 36.

711

Pittaway, Eastern Europe, pp. 110—11.

712

A. Janos, East Central Europe in the Modern World. The Politics of the Borderlands from pre- to post-Communism (Stanford, 2000), pp. 247—8.

713

T. Toranska, Oni: Stalin’s Polish Puppets, trans. A. Kolakowska (London, 1987), p. 298.

714

Janos, East Central Europe, p. 247.

715

Milosz, The Captive Mind, pp. 61—2.

716

W. Leonhard, Die Revolution entldsst ihre Kinder (Cologne, 1957), pp. 487, 493—7.

717

G. Hodos, Show Trials. Stalinist Trials in Eastern Europe, 1948—1954 (London, 1987), ch. 7.

718

C. Epstein, The Last Revolutionaries. The German Communists and their Century (Cambridge, Mass., 2003), pp. 136—7,144.

719

Цит. по С Jones, Soviet Influence in Eastern Europe: Political Autonomy and the Warsaw Pact (New York, 1981), p. 7.

720

Toranska, Oni, pp. 335—6.

721

S. Beria, Beria My Father: Inside Stalin’s Kremlin (London, 2001), p. 141.

722

W. Taubman, Khrushchev. The Man and his Era (London, 2003), p. 214.

723

Toranksa, Oni, pp. 235—6.

724

H. Margolius Kovaly, Prague Farewell (London, 1988), pp. 118—19.

725

S. Bartolini, The Political Mobilization of the European Left, 1860—1980: the Class Cleavage (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 542—3.

726

I. Wall, French Communism in the Era of Stalin: the Quest for Unity and Integration, 1945—1962 (Westport, Conn., 1983), p. 125.

727

D. Desanti, Les Staliniens, 1944—1956: une experience politique (Paris,1975).

728

Об этом см. Т. Judt, Postwar. A History of Europe since 1945 (London, 2007), pp. 212—13.

729

M. Adereth, “Sartre and Communism”, Journal of European Studies 17 (1987), p. 10.

730

F. Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth, preface Jean-Paul Sartre, trans. С Farrington (Harmondsworth, 1967).

731

Об этом см. G. Kern, The Kravchenko Case: One Man’s War on Stalin (New York, 2007).

732

M. Hyvarinen and J. Paastela “FailedAttemptsatModernization. The Finnish Communist Party”, in M. Waller, Communist Parties in Western Europe: Decline or Adaptation? (Oxford, 1988), p. 115.

733

S. Gundle, “The Legacy of the Prison Notebooks: Gramsci, the PCI and Italian Culture in the Cold War Period”, in C. Duggan and С Wagstaff (eds.), Italy in the Cold War. Politics, Culture and Society 1948—58 (Oxford, 1995), p. 139.

734

D. Kertzer, Comrades and Christians. Religion and Political Struggle in Communist Italy (Cambridge, 1980), p. 106; C. Duggan, “Italy in the Cold War Years and the Legacy of Fascism”, in Duggan and Wagstaff, Italy in the Cold War, p. 20.

735

Об этом см. Duggan, “Italy in the Cold War Years”, pp. 1—24.

736

Об этом см. D. Heinzig, The Soviet Union and Communist China, 1945—1950. The Arduous Road to the Alliance (Armonk, NY. 2004), pp. 263—384.

737

Shi Zhe, цит. по J. Chang and J. Halliday, Mao: the Unknown Story (London, 2006), p. 431.

738

Hua-Yu Li, “Stalin’s Short Course and Mao’s Socialist Transformation in the Early 1950s”, Russian History/Histoire Russc 29 (2002), p. 363.

739

Об этом см. О. Westad, Decisive Encounters: the Chinese Civil War, 1946—1950 (Stanford, 2003), pp. 260—1, 267—9.

740

См. Cm. D. Kaple, The Dream of a Red Factory. The Legacy of High Stalinism in Russia (New York, 1994).

741

W. Stueck, Rethinking the Korean War. A New Diplomatic and Strategic History (Princeton, 2002), pp. 73—4.

742

J. Strauss, “Paternalist Terror. The Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries and Regime Consolidation in the People’s Republic of China, 1950—1953”, Comparative History in Society and History 44 (2002), pp. 80—105.

743

Там же, с. 97.

744

Мао Цзэдун, 7 февраля 1953, в К. Fan (ed.), Мао Tsetung and Lin Piao: Post-revolutionary Writings (Garden City, NY, 1972), p. 102.

745

Yu Miin-Ling, “A Soviet Hero, Pavel Korchagin, comes to China”, Russian History / Histoire Russe 29 (2002), pp. 329—56.

746

Tina Mai Chen, “Internationalism and Cultural Experience. Soviet Films and Popular Chinese Understandings of the Future in the 1950s”, Cultural Critique 58 (2004), p. 96.

747

Wu Hung, Remaking Beijing: Tiananmen Square and the Creation of a Political Space (London, 2005), pp. 104—5.

748

Цит. по A. Finnane, Changing Clothes in China. Fashion, History, Nation (London, 2007), p. 209.

749

Цит. там же, с. 224.

750

Это утверждается в Charles Armstrong, The North Korean Revolution, 1945—1950 (Ithaca, 2003).

751

Там же, с. 167.

752

В. Cumings, The Origins of the Korean War, Vol 2. The Roaring of the Cataract, 1947—1950 (Princeton, 1990), p. 341.

753

Armstrong, North Korean Revolution, pp. 222—9.

754

J. Palais, “Confucianism and the Aristocratic/Bureaucratic Balance in Korea”, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 44 (1984), pp. 427—68.

755

Об этом см. Armstrong, North Korean Revolution, p. 73.

756

Цит. по К. Lebow, “Public Works, Private Lives. Youth Brigades in Nowa Huta in the 1950s”, Contemporary European History 10, 2 (2001), p. 205.

757

Там же, с. 208.

758

О венгерском случае см. в М. Pittaway, “The Reproduction of Hierarchy: Skill, Working-Class Culture, and the State in Early Socialist Hungary”, Journal of Modern History 74 (2002), pp. 737—69. О разочаровании польских рабочих см. P. Kenney, Rebuilding Poland: Workers and Communists, 1945—1950 (Ithaca, 1997), p. 292.

759

G. Pritchard, The Making of the GDR, 1945—1953. From Antifascism to Stalinism (Manchester, 2004), p. 196.

760

M. Pittaway, “Workers in Hungary”, in E Breuning, J. Lewis and G. Pritchard, Power and the People. A Social History of Central European Politics, 1945—56 (Manchester, 2005), pp. 68—9.

761

Цит. по Kenney, Rebuilding Poland, p. 234.

762

Pittaway, Eastern Europe, pp. 92—3.

763

Pritchard, The Making of the GDR, p. 122.

764

Hanna Swida-Ziemba, “Stalinizm i Spoleczeństwo Polskie”, in J. Kurczewski (ed.), Stalinizm (Warsaw, 1989), p. 49.

765

Mark Frazier, The Making of the Chinese Industrial Workplace: State, Revolution, and Labour Management (Cambridge, 2002), p. 146.

766

J. Pelikan, The Czechoslovak Political Trials, 1950—1954. The Suppressed Report of the Dubcek Government’s Commission of Enquiry, 1968 (London, 1971), p. 56.

767

E. Friedman, P. Pickowicz and M. Selden, Chinese Village, Socialist State (New Haven, 1991), p. 130.

768

Там же.

769

Там же, с. 190.

770

Там же, сс. 188,196.

771

G. Creed, Domesticating Revolution. From Socialist Reform to Ambivalent Transition in a Bulgarian Village (University Park, Pa, 1998), p. 61.

772

D. Kideckel, The Solitude of Collectivism. Romanian Villagers to the Revolution and Beyond (Ithaca, 1993), p. 85.

773

M. Lampland, The Object of Labor: Commodification in Socialist Hungary (Chicago, 1995), p. 155.

774

Creed, Domesticating Revolution, p. 70.

775

Pritchard, The Making of the GDR, p. 201.

776

Pittaway, Eastern Europe, p. 60.

777

S. Reid, Khrushchev in Wonderland. The Pioneer Palace in Moscow ys Lenin Hills, 1962. Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies, No. 1606, pp. 1—5, 25—6.

778

S. Reid, The Exhibition Art of Socialist Countries, Moscow 1958—9, and the Contemporary Style of Painting”, in S. Reid and D. Crowley (eds.), Style and Socialism. Modernity and Material Culture in Post-War Eastern Europe (Oxford, 2000), p. 103.

779

Reid, Khrushchev in Wonderland. The Pioneer Palace in Moscow ys Lenin Hills, p. 2.

780

N.